Role of the Endocannabinoid System in Metabolic Control Processes and in the Pathogenesis of Metabolic Syndrome: An Update

Dörnyei, Vass, Juhász, Csilla Berta, Nádasy, György L., Hunyady, Szekeres, Gabriella Dörnyei, Zsolt Vass

Increased expression of the components of the ECS and elevated levels of endocannabinoids increase food intake and produce hunger due to the activation of orexigen pathways in the hypothalamus. Endocannabinoids are orexigenic hormones, so an elevated ECS tone increases appetite and food intake, resulting in obesity, which is a major risk factor in developing IR and T2D. The ECS plays a role in the regulation of energy turnover by stimulating both the CNS and peripheral nervous system to elevate food intake, fat storage, and lipogenesis, which in turn result in obesity and metabolic diseases [ 3 52 ]. Inhibition of the CBR may have a beneficial effect in the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome, improving glucose homeostasis and IR [ 11 51 ]. Second- or third-generation CB 1 R antagonists may have therapeutic potential in pulmonary or liver fibrosis [ 1 R antagonist, which was observed also in CB 1 R-KO mice [ 1 R inhibition, a decrease in eCB levels by inhibition of DAG lipase may be beneficial in some chronic diseases, such as neurodegenerative and metabolic disorders [ The beneficial actions of CBR antagonism have been further investigated with new generations of CBR antagonists.

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